This article explores the theme of Ernest Hemingway's classic novella, The Old Man and the Sea, and conducts a comparative analysis of its translations. The theme of the novella is examined in the context of the old man's struggle against the forces of nature and the existential themes of endurance and resilience. The comparative analysis focuses on how different translations convey the nuances of the original text, including cultural and linguistic variations, and their impact on the interpretation of the theme. By examining multiple translations, this article aims to provide insights into the complexity of translating themes in literary works and its implications for understanding and appreciation of the original text.